Latitude

Latitude is how far North or South a place is from the Equator. It is shown as the number of degrees North or South of the Equator and is a figure between 0 and 90. If a place is 45 degrees North of the Equator, it is half way between the North Pole and the Equator.

The closer a place is to the Equator, the stronger the sun. This can make the place hotter.

Altitude

The altitude of a place has large effect on its climate. The higher a place is, the lower its temperature. The temperature is often reduced by one degree celcius for every 100 metres above sea level.

Distance from the sea

The sea has a major effect on climate. During the summer, the sea keeps places near it cooler as it slowly warms up. During the winter, the sea gives off heat as it slowly cools down.

Wind direction

Climate is affected by the wind.

If the wind has been blowing over the sea, the climate is likely to be wetter. If the wind has been blowing over land, the climate is likely to be drier.

Warm winds will make a place warmer, cold winds will make a place colder.